Socio-Demographic Determinants of Awareness of Malaria Vaccine among Caregivers of Children Under-Five in Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria accounting for over 27% of the global burden. Children under five are disproportionately affected.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of socio-demographic factors on malaria vaccine uptake among caregivers of children aged 1–5 in Abuja, Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected from 300 caregivers through structured questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 26.0.

Results: The findings revealed a critical gap in awareness, with only 9% of respondents familiar with malaria vaccines. Misconceptions about malaria transmission were prevalent. Despite limited awareness, vaccine acceptance was high, with 96% of caregivers willing to vaccinate their children if the vaccine were available and free of charge. Trust in healthcare providers emerged as the most influential factor in vaccine acceptance. Socio-demographic factors such as education and income significantly influenced awareness.

Conclusion: The study underscores the need for targeted educational campaigns to address misconceptions and enhance awareness of malaria vaccines. Engaging healthcare providers and community leaders is crucial for promoting vaccine acceptance. Addressing socio-economic disparities can optimize malaria vaccine implementation strategies, contributing to global efforts to eradicate malaria and achieve Sustainable Development Goals.