Effect of Ethanol Seed Extract of Coriandrum sativum on Kerosene Mediated Oxidative Stress Markers in Wistar Rats Fed with Kerosene Contaminated Diet

Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the effect of ethanol seed extract of Coriandrum sativum on kerosene mediated oxidative stress markers in Wistar rats fed with kerosene contaminated diet.  C. sativum were bought, processed and extracted using ethanol and the extract was used in determination of phytochemical compositions, in vitro antioxidant properties and in treatment of rat feed with kerosene contaminated feed. Phytochemical compositions was determined using Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID) while the in vitro antioxidants capacity was determined using 2,2 Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl radical, hydroxyl radical and ferric reducing antioxidant potential assays. Animal study was carried out using 43 rats separated in five groups. While group 1 and two were controls, group 3 was negative control (untreated) and groups 4 and 5 were treated groups. The acute toxicity was determined using lorke’s method while oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) were determined using biochemical standard methods after 28 days of administration of the extract. The result of the study showed that the most abundant phytochemicals present ranked in the order flavonones > Ribalinidine > Aphylidine > catechin > anthocynin > phytate and others while sapogenin was the least.  In vitro antioxidant study showed that ethanol seed extract was able to inhibit the formation of DPPH radicals and quench hydroxyl radicals with effective concentration (EC₅₀) of 1.25 and 1.35 respectively. While kerosene contaminated diet increased MDA in group 3 rats (untreated) compared to normal control (group 1), C. sativum extract decreased MDA in group 4 and 5. CAT activity in group 3 (untreated) was low compared to normal control while the extract increased CAT activities in groups 4 and 5. This findings revealed that seed extract of C. sativum is rich in antioxidant and therefore has mitigating effect on kerosene mediated oxidative stress.