Effect of Ethanol Seed Extract of Coriandrum sativum on Kerosene Mediated Oxidative Stress Markers in Wistar Rats Fed with Kerosene Contaminated Diet

J. C. Ifemeje, C. C. Ilechukwu, B. U. Obi — Tue, 28 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0700

This study was aimed at determining the effect of ethanol seed extract of Coriandrum sativum on kerosene mediated oxidative stress markers in Wistar rats fed with kerosene contaminated diet. C. sativum were bought, processed and extracted using ethanol and the extract was used in determination of phytochemical compositions, in vitro antioxidant properties and in treatment of rat feed with kerosene contaminated feed. Phytochemical compositions was determined using Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID) while the in vitro antioxidants capacity was determined using 2,2 Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl radical, hydroxyl radical and ferric reducing antioxidant potential assays. Animal study was carried out using 43 rats separated in five groups. While group 1 and two were controls, group 3 was negative control (untreated) and groups 4 and 5 were treated groups. The acute toxicity was determined using lorke’s method while oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) were determined using biochemical standard methods after 28 days of administration of the extract. The result of the study showed that the most abundant phytochemicals present ranked in the order flavonones > Ribalinidine > Aphylidine > catechin > anthocynin > phytate and others while sapogenin was the least. In vitro antioxidant study showed that ethanol seed extract was able to inhibit the formation of DPPH radicals and quench hydroxyl radicals with effective concentration (EC₅₀) of 1.25 and 1.35 respectively. While kerosene contaminated diet increased MDA in group 3 rats (untreated) compared to normal control (group 1), C. sativum extract decreased MDA in group 4 and 5. CAT activity in group 3 (untreated) was low compared to normal control while the extract increased CAT activities in groups 4 and 5. This findings revealed that seed extract of C. sativum is rich in antioxidant and therefore has mitigating effect on kerosene mediated oxidative stress.

Comparative Study on the Synergistic Effects of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Hydrogen Peroxide on Some Inflammatory Markers of Wistar Rats

Chigozirim Steve Amadi, Francis Chukwuma Anacletus, Reginald Chibueze Ohiri — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0700

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo(a)pyrene and naphthalene, disrupt inflammatory homeostasis and exacerbate oxidative stress. This study evaluated the synergistic effects of PAHs and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative stress on inflammatory markers in Wistar rats for four weeks (Batch one) and eight weeks (Batch two) exposure durations, alongside the ameliorative potential of vitamin C. Key markers analyzed included tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). In Batch one, H₂O₂-only exposure significantly elevated TNF-α (6690.62 ± 0.01 pg/mL), IL-6 (701.94 ± 0.01 pg/mL), and IL-1β (2679.39 ± 0.01 pg/mL) compared to the control group (3999.89 ± 0.01, 490.55 ± 0.01, and 1705.44 ± 0.01 pg/mL, respectively). Batch two results showed further increases, with TNF-α reaching 6900.83 ± 0.01 pg/mL and IL-6 rising to 725.21 ± 0.01 pg/mL, indicating cumulative inflammatory effects over time. High-dose H₂O₂ combined with PAHs elevated TNF-α from 3980.79 ± 0.01 pg/mL in Batch one to 4100.25 ± 0.01 pg/mL in Batch two. Vitamin C treatment further amplified TNF-α levels in both batches, peaking at 18340.93 ± 0.02 pg/mL in Batch one and 18750.23 ± 0.02 pg/mL in Batch two, while partially mitigating IL-6 and IL-10 levels. These findings underscore the complex interplay between oxidative stress, inflammation, and antioxidant dynamics under POP exposure. The progressive nature of inflammatory responses highlights the need for early intervention and the potential of combination therapies to mitigate environmental pollutant-induced inflammation.

IPS Journal of Toxicology

Effect of Ethanol Seed Extract of Coriandrum sativum on Kerosene Mediated Oxidative Stress Markers in Wistar Rats Fed with Kerosene Contaminated Diet

Comparative Study on the Synergistic Effects of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Hydrogen Peroxide on Some Inflammatory Markers of Wistar Rats